Robert Jervis - Perception And Level Of Analysis :: essays research papers

Robert Jervis in Perception and Level of Analysis espouses the notion that in order to fully explain crucial decisions and policies it is essential that one pays heed to the decision-maker’s beliefs about the world and his or her perceptions of others. Rather than attempting to understand foreign policies as directly resulting from the three other levels of analysis, the bureaucratic, the domestic, and the international environment, which he outlines, Jervis contends that examination of a decision-maker’s perceptions, both their causes and effects, can more readily determine and explain behavioral patterns; in such a light, the taxonomy or three other levels of analysis appear devoid of truth value when applied alone, and all related theories are shown as invalid except in extreme cases. Nonetheless, one might more accurately contest that while careful study of a decision-maker’s beliefs is a necessity for comprehension, analysis of such beliefs is in fact an ex amination of bureaucratic organizations, domestic circumstances, and the international environment; all four are interrelated in the sense that the perceptions of the decision-maker are influenced by the circumstances existent in the three other levels. Likewise the three levels are themselves affected and often altered by the politician’s choices. Therefore, in order to provide the most comprehensive explanations of foreign policy decisions one cannot completely disregard externalities, and conversely one cannot ignore individual perceptions of decision-makers. One cannot rely solely on the bureaucratic level of analysis, the domestic, the international environment, or even on a combination of the three as adequate. What one might interpret as a clash of bureaucratic interests and stands yielding incoherent and conflicting policies, could in reality be a â€Å"clash among values that are widely held in both society and the decision-makers’ own minds† (Jervis 28). Similarly, if domestic situations were the medium upon which politicians base their decisions then changes in leadership would not necessarily produce significant changes in foreign policy; however, the consistency of foreign policy is difficult to measure. For example, some might contend that the Cold War would not have occurred had President Franklin Delano Roosevelt not died; they suggest that his death altered American policy in the sense that President Truman and his anti-Soviet position came to dominate political decision-making. Others contest that FDR would ha ve acted similarly to Truman, as he too was coming to an anti-Soviet stance prior to his death. If the former is seen as accurate the domestic level of analysis is insufficient and not applicable, but in the latter instance it could be viewed as a valid basis for judging decision-making.

Analysis of an Antacid

Analysis of an Antacid In this lab report we will discuss the results of the ‘Determining the Most Effective Antacids’ lab. In this lab we tested different brands of antacids to find out which will be the most effective at neutralizing acids. We will test this by seeing how much drops of hydrochloric acid (HCl) are required to neutralize a certain amount of the antacid. Antacids are used to resist heartburn. We sometimes use them to treat this because antacids are a mild base that can neutralize acids in our stomachs, such as HCl.The purpose of this lab is to see how well each antacid neutralize hydrochloric acid. Procedure: 1. Obtain two burets, one for use with the HCl and others for use with the NaOH. 2. Record the exact molarity as they appear on the stock bottles. 3. Determine the mass of each of you antacid tablets. 4. Dispense 25 mL of HCl solution into the Erlenmeyer flask, and then add one of the antacid tablets to the flask. 5. Bring the solution to a boil to d ispel any undissolved CO2. 6. Add two or three drops of an indicator to our antacid mixture. 7.Titrate antacid mixture with the NaOH solution until we have reached the end point of the indicator used. Mass tablet| VHCl| Vinitial NaOH| Vfinal NaOH| #moles HCl neutralized By antacid/ g tablet| x? – x| ( x? – x )2| 1. 29 g| 25 mL| 0 mL| 18 mL| 0. 0055961 mol/g| 0. 0024959| 6. 22952*10-6| 1. 221 g| 25 mL| 0 mL| 17 mL| 0. 0067452907 mol/g| 0. 00134671| 1. 8136*10-6| 1. 24 g| 25 mL| 0 mL| 18. 9 mL| 0. 005083629 mol/g| 0. 003| 9. 050296*10-6| 1. 273 g| 25 mL| 0 mL| 16. 2 mL| 0. 00714 mol/g| 9. 52*10-4| 9. 063*10-7| 1. 289 g| 25 mL| 0 mL| 15. 2 mL| 0. 0078 mol/g| 2. 2*10-4| 8. 5264*10-8| 1. 248 g| 25 mL| 0 mL| 10. 6 mL| 0. 01185 mol/g| -0. 003758| 1. 412*10-5| 1. 29 g| 25 mL| 0 mL| 9. 3 mL| 0. 01243 mol/g| -0. 00434| 1. 8818*10| Average x? = 0. 008092 mol/g ? (x? – x) 2 = 5. 102298*10-5 Standard Division = SD = Â ± ? x- x 2n-1 = Â ±0. 0029161 A brand name| Tums| Safew ay| Safeway| Phillips| Tums| Safeway| ActiveIngredient| CaCO3| CaCO3| CaCO3| Mg(OH)2| CaCO3| CaCO3| G active ingredient from battle| 0. 5 g| 0. 5 g| 0. 5 g| 0. 311 g| 0. 5 g| 0. 5 g| Calculated gActive ingredient| 0. 911 g| 0. 3718 g| 0. 3548 g| 0. 392 g| 0. 285 g| 0. 15 g| #moles HCl neutralized by active ingredient/g tablet| 0. 00587 mol| 0. 0060 mol/g| 0. 00709 mol/g| 0. 01345 mol/g| 0. 00648 mol/g| 0. 0081 mol/g| Cost / g| 4. 3835 ? /g| 7. 35 ? /g| 7. 50 ? /g| 17. 83 ? /g| 14. 011 ? /g| 5. 16 ? /g| Brand = Safeway regular strength Cost = $ 3. 99 #tablets = 150 g active ingredient = 500 mg each tablet Ingredient = (active) calcium carbonate, (inactive) corn starch, crospovidone, dextrose, flavor, magnesium stearate, maltodextrin, sucrose, talc. CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) > CaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g) Calculation: 1.Calculate moles HCl neutralized by antacid per gram tablet: (Total moles HCl – moles HCl neutralized by NaOH) / mass of tablet Total moles HCl = Moles HCl neutral ized by NaOH = 2. Calculate grams active ingredient: 3. Calculate cost/gram: Based on the results, although Phillips brand was expensive, it was the most effective antacid. This is because it neutralized the most moles of HCl per gram of antacid. The active ingredient in this antacid is Magnesium Hydroxide. As the result, I prefer to buy Phillips antacid to resist heartburn. Chemical Equation: Mg (OH) 2 + HCl Cl (OH) 2 + MgH

Trump versus Hawaii - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 835 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/03/27 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Donald Trump Essay Did you like this example? It was a situation when the US supreme court including presentational decree that was marked by President Donald Trump. He confined the movements in the United States by the general population from a few countries and asylums without legitimate travel reports. Hawaii and alternate expresses that had a similar test of the Proclamation. On the statutory and sacred grounds referred to the assortment of articulations by Trumps organization authorities. As should be obvious I picked the Trump Vs. Hawaii which occurred in April 25,2018. Chosen in June 26,2018. In September 2017, the President issued Proclamation No. 9645, trying to enhance screening methods for outside nationals going to the United States by distinguishing progressing lacks in the data expected to survey whether nationals of specific nations present a security risk. The Proclamation put section limitations on the nationals of eight remote expresses whose frameworks for overseeing and sharing data about their nationals the President esteemed insufficient. Outside states were chosen for consideration dependent on a survey attempted compliant with one of the Presidents prior Executive Orders. As a component of that survey, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), in discussion with the State Department and knowledge offices, built up a data and hazard appraisal baseline. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Trump versus Hawaii" essay for you Create order With the 50 day time span the State Department tried strategic endeavors to urge outside governments to enhance their practices, the Acting Secretary of Homeland Security inferred that eight nations; Chad, Iran, Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Syria, Venezuela, and Yemen stayed lacking. She suggested passage limitations for specific nationals from those nations however Iraq, which had a nearby agreeable association with the U. S. She likewise suggested including Somalia, which met the data sharing part of the pattern norms yet had other extraordinary hazard factors, for example, a noteworthy psychological militant nearness. In the wake of counseling with various Cabinet individuals, the President received the proposals and issued the Proclamation. From these countries we will not have travel with either countries. March six executive over six Muslim majority and five are still on nations are constricted travel. This falls under the immigration laws and because the president is supposed to act quickly through national security. President also made this right after when he had the terries incident that had a constant threat, He confirmed that specific limitations were important to keep the section of those outside nationals about whom the United States Government needs adequate data and evoke enhanced character administration and data sharing conventions and practices from remote governments. The Proclamation forces a scope of passage confinements that fluctuate dependent on the particular conditions in every one of the eight nations. It exempts legitimate perpetual inhabitants and gives case-by-case waivers in specific situations. It likewise coordinates DHS to evaluate on a proceeding with premise whether the limitations ought to be adjusted or proceeded, and to answer to the President each 180 days. The court assumes the deciding between the plaintiffs statutory that the claims are reviewable and the statutory nonreliability. Secondly the president has lawfully exercised the broad discretion that grants him with the entry under the United States. Thirdly the plaintiffs did not demonstrate the lawlike of success on the merits of their own complaints. Hawaii best argument was basically saying its an old matter in a newer scenario trump was targeting the Muslim countries was intended through it. The outcome of the case wants to look at the constitution through the particular order. The arguments based upon the dissent is the people who disagree, who doesnt believe in the decisions Trump makes. They dont agree with the court orders with the immigration and nationality act. The people who would disagree with this law is the immigrants and the people who dont agree with the way he is doing it. The law breaks down to make the order. The main arguments upon this would have to be the people who travel maybe the process of what everyone has to go through is the challenging part of the whole law passed. Why take more time out of the day to this when everyone should be equal and set according to the point Trump is trying to make. I disagree completely because what if someone from a different area wanted to travel somewhere else? They cant because they dont have a travel document. Its not technically fare because not everyone can afford a passport, an id etc. Not everyone can afford paying for a travel document. To close today I went over the foundation of Trump versus Hawaii and how others cooperate framing the contentions by the dispute and how the historical backdrop of people in general has moved through every single case. This case was upset that I didnt concur with. I figure things ought to be contrastingly and that the constitution should re look this since migration is a tremendous issue in the US as per Trump. Race shouldnt have anything to do with what we recognize we have to figure out how to think of a superior method for how the constitution handles it.

Progressivism Was Motivated By Various Progressive Ideas...

Progressivism was the change development that kept running from the late 19th century through the main many years of the 20th century, which driving educated people and social reformers in the United States looked to address the monetary, political, and social inquiries that had emerged with regards to the quick changes carried with the Industrial Revolution and the development of current private enterprise in America. The Progressives trusted that these progressions denoted the end of the old request and required the formation of another request suitable for the new mechanical age. Expansionism was motivated by various progressive ideas. Imperialism was an adjournment of the movement to direct and normalize society, economics, and government. Order, Regulation, and World Economy The United States dominated the world market in producing items by 1900. They produced petroleum and agricultural machinery to sewing machines and cameras. Foreign investments tremendously increased from $700 million in 1897 to 2.5 billion in 1908; and again to $ 3.5 billion my 1914. Businesses in the U.S. eventually controlled about 78 percent of all the mines in Mexico (silver, lead, and copper) by 1917 and about 58 percent of oil production. The U.S investment nearly approached $1 billion toward just Mexico alone. Due to the laissez-faire policies the American interest in international market places needed protection. The Progressive Party platform felt that it was important to the welfare ofShow MoreRelated History Essay2625 Words   |  11 Pagesdialogue that has continued between historians of various perspectives is the study of American Progressivism that was started in 1955 by Richard Hofstadter in his controversial book entitled The Age of Reform. His theory of the Pro gressive Movement is explored and questioned by Peter Filene’s â€Å"An Obituary for ‘The Progressive Movement’,† Richard McCormick’s â€Å"The Discovery that Business Corrupts Politics: A Reappraisal of the Origins of Progressivism,† and Paula Baker’s â€Å"The Domestication of Politics:Read MoreProgressive Theory Of Progressive Education961 Words   |  4 PagesProgressive Learning Theory in the US John Dewey’s Progressive Learning Theory is defined as any various reformist educational philosophies and methodologies since the late 1800s, applied especially to elementary schools, that reject the rote recitation and strict discipline of traditional, single classroom teaching, favoring instead more stimulation of the individual pupil as well as group discussion, more informality in the classroom, a broader curriculum, and use of laboratories, gymnasiumsRead More Various Interpretations of the Progressive Era Essay2820 Words   |  12 Pagesâ€Å"What was the Progressive Movement?†[1] Historian Peter G. Filene presents this question in his article, â€Å"An Obituary for ‘The Progressive Movement’†, in order to introduce the reality that for decades scholars struggled to propose an answer to this question. They have and still do struggle because there are many ways to consider this question and qualify the Progressive Era: such as its definition , time frame, significant turning points and important people, goals, successes, and failures. GivenRead MoreProgressivism : A Step Closer Education As A Reality Essay2292 Words   |  10 Pages Progressivism: a step closer to an education as a reality Megan Fuerstenau Dr. Katherine Bertolini Foundations of American Education November 29, 2016  Progressivism: a step closer to education as a reality Work is the greatest means of education. To train children to work, to work systematically, to love work, and to put their brains into work, may be called the end and aim of schools.   In education, no work should be done for the sake of the thing done, but for the sake of the growing mindRead MoreProgressivism Historiography Essay2107 Words   |  9 PagesStudent Mrs. Aars CIS American History 15 March, 2013 My Take on the Progressives The common thought about progressivism before the 1950s were that it was a movement by the common people to curb the excessive power of powerful people such as urban bosses, corporate moguls, and corrupt officials. However, when George Mowry wrote his Progressivism: Middle Class Disillusionment, he challenged the common idea that the progressives were middle class citizens and instead considered them to be a privilegedRead MoreThe Theory Of Operant Conditioning And The Skinner Box1707 Words   |  7 PagesThere have been many famous individuals who have contributed to education. BF Skinner, William Glasser, John Dewey, and Lev Vygotski are four notorious men in the history and impact of education. Bf Skinner (1904) was a behaviorist who his most widely known for his theory of operant conditioning and the Skinner box. His created this theory to study human behavior. Operant conditioning includes positive and negative reinforcement as well as positive and negative punishment. Positi ve reinforcementRead MoreThe Liberal Era Of The Twentieth Century / Progressive Era Essay1863 Words   |  8 Pages Muckrakers were investigative journalists who uncovered corruption and mistreatment by the developing big money organizations and politicians. In regards to public relations, the emphasis was placed on the unwanted publicity of corporations and politicians controlled by well-known robber barons. Those corporations reaction to the muckrakers lead to increased public relations in the early 1900’s. These muckrakers presented a newly evolving mass media, consisting of newspapers and magazinesRead MoreW.T. Andersons Efforts to Aid in Georgias Advancement After the Civil War1959 Words   |  8 PagesCivil War. He sought to advertise the state of Georgia and the city of Macon as progressive and reformed in order to attract the northern investors and capital necessary to revitalize the region. Reforming state institutions and social climate, or at the very l east creating and maintaining the faà §ade of Southern progressivism, became the primary focus of the Telegraph. Following his arrival in 1914, Anderson took a progressive stance on lynching, a heinous act which both made a mockery of the judicialRead MoreMy Motivation For Teaching A Student Essay2531 Words   |  11 Pages is a rewarding experience for a teacher. I have babysat for about 6 years, and being around children makes me happy and I love the relationships that I have built with all the kids I have cared for in the past. What really motivated me to go back to school for teaching, was this past summer after having the opportunity to be a camp counselor. Working at the day camp, I formed relationships and bonds throughout the summer, that I am never going to forget about. The feeling of a child trusting andRead MoreMy Motivation For Teaching Is The Perfect Thing For Me Essay2541 Words   |  11 Pagesrewarding experience for a teacher. I have also been a babysitter for about 6 years, and being around children makes me happy and I love the relationships that I have built with all the kids I have cared for in the past. What really motivated me to go back to school for teaching, was this past summer after having the opportunity to be a camp counselor. While working at that day camp, the relationships and bonds that formed throughout the summer, are ones that I am never going to forget about. The feeling

Analyze the impact of various events on the American...

I. Background information on industry and workers A. Between the period of 1865-1900, industry exploded in growth B. There were many contributors that included government action, labor unions, immigration, and technological changes. 1. Government action tried to help the workers by decreasing corporations control over employees 2. Labor unions tried to increase benefits and make working easier 3. Immigration helped by having a cheap, abundant labor source for businesses to use 4. Technological changes both helped and hurt workers by making it easier to work but making it harder by causing a need for skilled labor. C. All of these affected workers, but in some more than others, however, labor unions and technological changes had†¦show more content†¦B. Inventions like the Bessemer process, railroads, and the production plant all affected jobs and the economy. C. The Bessemer process allowed steel to be created at a much faster rate. 1. This called for more workers in order to maximize production (a) Most workers were immigrants that worked two 12-hour shifts, seven days a week. 2. The Bessemer process greatly affected the worker by providing more jobs, but at a lower wage, lower benefits, and higher hours, a negative effect. D. In the 1860 s, the government finally commissioned the first transcontinental railroad. E. Then from the 1860 s to about 1893, four more transcontinental railroads were created. 1. These transcontinental railroads stimulated industry greatly, creating more jobs in both industry and working on the rails. F. The invention and development of the production plant affected the worker greatly. 1. There were now more jobs due to the openings in factories. (a) Machines replaced skilled workers in factories G. Technological changes often replaced workers, however, it often created more jobs in the long run. IV. Summarizing the effects of labor unions and technological changes A. Both labor unions and technological changes greatly affected the Industrial worker in the period of 1865-1900. B. Labor unions tried to provide greater benefits for workers and mostly positively affected workers. 1. They were mostly successful inShow MoreRelatedEssays for the American Pageant, 14th Ed.11068 Words   |  45 PagesEssays for The American Pageant, 14th ed. Part One 1. From the perspective of Native Americans, the Spanish and English empires in America had more similarities than differences. Assess the validity of this generalization. Response Strategy It is important to develop a clear thesis on the validity of the statement at the outset of the essay. A good essay could be developed on either side of the issue or in support of a middle-of –the-road position. Supporting paragraphs should beRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Read MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesMANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES 1 Lakes Automotive 3 Fems Healthcare, Inc. Clark Faucet Company 2 5 7 11 IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT Kombs Engineering 13 Williams Machine Tool Company 15 Wynn Computer Equipment (WCE) 17 The Reluctant Workers 20 Hyten Corporation 22 Macon, Inc. 35 Continental Computer Corporation 37 Goshe Corporation 43 Acorn Industries 49 MIS Project Management at First National Bank Cordova Research Group 70 Cortez Plastics 71 L. P. Manning Corporation 72 Project Firecracker

Examination of the Newborn free essay sample

Enrolment It is essential that you enroll as a student of the University and this will normally take place on the first day of your course. Your Student Office will send you information about the arrangements for your enrolment. For enrolment you will need: Original Birth Certificate or Passport Original certificates or official results notification of ALL qualifications held and listed on your application form Payment for course fees, for which you are liable; or a sponsor letter confirming payment 6 passport sized photographs At enrolment, you will be asked to complete an enrolment form. On your form you will be asked to provide full details of your legal name, home and term time addresses, all previous qualifications and your course details. The amount of fees due will already be recorded on the enrolment form. Other personal details will be required for statistical purposes (see the section on the Data Protection Act in A Students Guide to Enrolment and Fee Payment). If you fulfill all the conditions of enrolment, including payment of your fees you will be fully enrolled as a student of the University and issued with a University ID card, which gives you access to all the University s facilities.If for any reason you cannot fulfill all the conditions of enrolment then you will be temporarily enrolled and given a date by which you must complete your enrolment. During this time you will be given restricted access to the University facilities. You must endeavourer to fulfill the conditions quickly, as in certain D: Examination of the Newborn Student Handbook 2006 7 circumstances you may be withdrawn. It is a condition of enrolment that you accept full responsibility for the payment of your tuition fees and any other fees or charges associated with your course.The Universitys financial terms and conditions are published in A Students Guide to Enrolment and Fee Payment. Copies of this booklet can be obtained from Academic Registry, Perry Barr Campus. Change in Personal Details If you change your name during your studies and would like your new name to be used on your University records and award certificates, you must make a formal request to your Faculty with supporting evidence.There are a number of forms of acceptable evidence including: Passport Marriage certificate Birth certificate Divorce decree absolute If you are unable to provide any of these documents, contact your Department/Student Office for advice on alternative forms of evidence. Once you have provided acceptable evidence your name will be changed on the student record system and your new name will be used for all official purposes. Please note that your student number will remain the Same. For further advice and guidance contact the Academic Registry or the Student Office.It is important that you make the request to change your name before you finish your course, as after the final examination board has met the Faculty will be unable to make any changes to your student record. 8 3 What do you need to know about your course? Programmer Specification The programmer specification is a concise description of the intended learning outcomes of your course and the means by which these outcomes are achieved and demonstrated. It is available on the Facultys Intranet/Website at WV. Health. Cue. AC. K You can find out more about programmer specifications by accessing the Quality Assurance Agencys website at http:// Wausau. AC. UK/careworn/students/Studentship. HTML Fitness for Practice Some of the University courses prepare students for entry for professions that require them to meet certain criteria to ensure their professional suitability for their chosen career, for example Nursing and Teaching. The university Fitness for Practice Policy can be found in Part II of the Academic Regulations and Polices. The Regulations are available on the Universitys Intranet at http://www. CE. AC. UK/jaws In order to access them please click on Shortcuts to Key Documents which appears in the upper left-hand side of the JAWS Home Page. If the above is applicable to your course, you will be given more information about fitness for practice from your course tutors. ICE Birmingham Email Account When you enroll for the first time you will be given a ICE Birmingham email account. It is essential that you check this account regularly as it will be used to communicate important information about your course.Personal Development Planning While studying you will have many opportunities to expand your academic, professional and personal horizons. Personal Development Planning (PDP) is a process undertaken by students to reflect upon their own learning, performance and achievement and to plan for their personal, educational and career development. It will enable you to articulate the skills you are developing whilst at LICE Birmingham in order to open up opportunities in the future. PDP is a means by which you can record, evaluate and review all that you are learning.Engaging with the process of PDP will: help you think about and understand how you are learning and relate your learning to a wider context improve your general skills for study and career 9 D: Examination Of the Newborn Student Handbook 2006 management help you define and explore personal goals and evaluate progress towards their achievement Within the University different courses will be offering different approaches to POP. You will find out how PDP works on your course during your first few weeks of study.Course Details Rationale Midwives and Specialist community nurses are ideally placed to carry out the complete neonatal examination of ERM newborn babies. This allows for continuity of care and promotes greater satisfaction amongst women. Women, traditionall y, feel more confident in discussing health matters with the midwife or Specialist community nurse than with a doctor. This course will provide the opportunity for midwives, Specialist community nurses, and possibly neonatal nurses, from any Trust to successfully complete this course and assessments, to be deemed competent to carry out the complete neonatal examination of the term infant.Course Philosophy It is the belief among those involved in this course that midwives re ideally placed to carry out the complete neonatal examination. Currently, midwives already carry out most of the neonatal assessments that contribute to the complete neonatal examination. Therefore, through facilitating theoretical and practical learning, using a systematic and organized approach, following successful completion of this course midwives, and possibly neonatal nurses, will be able to perform all aspects of the neonatal examination confidently and competently.We believe that this will greatly improve the service for neonates and their families and contribute towards continuity of care. Aims: To equip the practitione r with knowledge and skills to enable her to perform a comprehensive examination of the newborn baby. To promote confidence in the practitioner to identify the normal parameters of health and instigate appropriate actions when appropriate. To enable practitioners to exercise accountability in establishing the health of the baby. 0 Learning Outcomes: At the end of the programmer the practitioner should be able to: demonstrate competence in the holistic and systematic examination of the physiological and behavioral functions of the term newborn infancy apply an extended knowledge of anatomy and physiology in relation to the newborn to identify altered physiology and instigate appropriate action; analyses critically, the expanded role of the practitioner in carrying out the complete neonatal examination of the term newborn; discuss the legal and ethical considerations pertaining to this expanded role; effectively communicate and discuss the health of the baby with the mother, family and other members of the multidisciplinary team. Critically evaluate personal performance in the examination of the newborn, against criteria set.Indicative Content: The expanding role of the midwife, and possibly neonatal nurses, in neonatal examination Ethics and law Assessment of a term baby in relation to the: Nervous system Cardiovascular respiratory systems Gastrointestinal system and Ignite-Urinary system Skeletal system Immune system Reproductive system Integument system Muscle Skeletal System Newborn behavior Psychological care Learning and Teaching Strategy Lead discussions/lectures Group work presentations D: Examination Of the Newborn Student Handbook 2006 1 1 Clinical Teaching Directed clinical activity Some of your modules may include inline learning support. If this is applicable, more information will be provided by your course tutors and in the relevant module descriptions. 4 How will you be assessed? If you were first enrolled on your course from September 2005 onwards and your course is governed by Standard Assessment Regulations, these are also available on the Universitys Intranet at http://. N. W. V. Cue. AC. UK/jaws You can access these Regulations in exactly the same way as described above. The version of the Assessment Regulations you need to access will be clearly signposted.For example, if your course is overfed by the Standard Undergraduate Assessment Regulations, you will need to access Section J Standard Undergraduate Assessment Regulations (for students enrolled from September 2005 onwards) If you cannot access the electronic version on JAWS and would like a paper copy, please ask your Course Director or go to your Student Office (For tic students, please go to the tic Registry). Assessment Strategy Assessment will be 50% theory and 50% practice. Theoretical assessment: The candidate will be required to produce one, 2000 word reflective account relating to her/his personal examination of the newborn. The candidate is also required to complete an one hour exam, based on multiple choice questions. These pieces of work should be completed and submitted by the 15th week following commencement of the course. Clinical assessment: A Clinical Experience Profile must be completed.The candidate is required to carry out a minimum of 40 neonatal examinations, 15 of which must be formally assessed. The candidate is responsible for selecting her/his own clinical assessor. This should be one of the following: a pediatric registrar/consultant midwife who has completed an approved neonatal examination course and is currently raising this role an advanced neonatal practice nurse or midwife The two theoretical items and the clinical component of the assessment strategy must be passed in order to achieve success in the course. Only 2 attempts are allowed at the practical assessment. Outcome of clinical assessment will be a PASS or FAIL mark.

The Big Bang Theory Essay Example For Students

The Big Bang Theory Essay It is always a mystery about how the universe began, whether if and when it will end. Astronomers construct hypotheses called cosmological models that try to find the answer. There are two types of models: Big Bang and Steady State. However, through many observational evidences, the Big Bang theory can best explain the creation of the universe. The Big Bang model postulates that about 15 to 20 billion years ago, the universe violently exploded into being, in an event called the Big Bang. Before the Big Bang, all of the matter and radiation of our present universe were packed together in the primeval fireballan extremely hot dense state from which the universe rapidly expanded.1 The Big Bang was the start of time and space. The matter and radiation of that early stage rapidly expanded and cooled. Several million years later, it condensed into galaxies. The universe has continued to expand, and the galaxies have continued moving away from each other ever since. Today the universe is still expanding, as astronomers have observed. We will write a custom essay on The Big Bang Theory specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Steady State model says that the universe does not evolve or change in time. There was no beginning in the past, nor will there be change in the future. This model assumes the perfect cosmological principle. This principle says that the universe is the same everywhere on the large scale, at all times.2 It maintains the same average density of matter forever. There are observational evidences found that can prove the Big Bang model is more reasonable than the Steady State model. First, the redshifts of distant galaxies. Redshift is a Doppler effect which states that if a galaxy is moving away, the spectral line of that galaxy observed will have a shift to the red end. The faster the galaxy moves, the more shift it has. If the galaxy is moving closer, the spectral line will show a blue shift. If the galaxy is not moving, there is no shift at all. However, as astronomers observed, the more distance a galaxy is located from Earth, the more redshift it shows on the spectrum. This means the further a galaxy is, the faster it moves. Therefore, the universe is expanding, and the Big Bang model seems more reasonable than the Steady State model. The second observational evidence is the radiation produced by the Big Bang. The Big Bang model predicts that the universe should still be filled with a small remnant of radiation left over from the original violent explosion of the primeval fireball in the past. The primeval fireball would have sent strong shortwave radiation in all directions into space. In time, that radiation would spread out, cool, and fill the expanding universe uniformly. By now it would strike Earth as microwave radiation. In 1965 physicists Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson detected microwave radiation coming equally from all directions in the sky, day and night, all year.3 And so it appears that astronomers have detected the fireball radiation that was produced by the Big Bang. This casts serious doubt on the Steady State model. The Steady State could not explain the existence of this radiation, so the model cannot best explain the beginning of the universe. Since the Big Bang model is the better model, the existence and the future of the universe can also be explained. Around 15 to 20 billion years ago, time began. The points that were to become the universe exploded in the primeval fireball called the Big Bang. The exact nature of this explosion may never be known. However, recent theoretical breakthroughs, based on the principles of quantum theory, have suggested that space, and the matter within it, masks an infinitesimal realm of utter chaos, where events happen randomly, in a state called quantum weirdness.4Before the universe began, this chaos was all there was. At some time, a portion of this randomness happened to form a bubble, with a temperature in excess of 10 to the power of 34 degrees Kelvin. Being that hot, naturally it expanded. For an extremely brief and short period, billionths of billionths of a second, it inflated. At the end of the period of inflation, the universe may have a diameter of a few centimetres. The temper ature had cooled